Light therapy is often discussed as a single treatment, but not all wavelengths behave the same way. Each type of light reaches a different depth in the skin, which is why multi-wavelength devices are becoming increasingly popular in both professional and at-home settings.
Red, Near-Infrared & Infrared: Wavelengths Explained and Their Skin Benefits
LED light therapy is best known for its gentle, non-invasive approach to supporting skin health — but many people don’t realize that different wavelengths offer different kinds of benefits. Red, near-infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) light each reach unique layers of the skin, influencing distinct biological processes that can help support comfort, balance and overall skin resilience.
In previous articles, we explained what LED therapy is and how to combine it with skincare. This blog goes a level deeper by exploring why these wavelengths matter — and what potential benefits they are commonly associated with in scientific and dermatological literature.
Understanding how each wavelength interacts with the skin not only clarifies the technology behind LED therapy, but also helps explain why many people seek out devices that include red, near-infrared and infrared light together.
What Are Light Wavelengths? (A Simple Explanation)
Light is measured in nanometers (nm). The number refers to the distance between two peaks of a light wave.
Different wavelengths penetrate the skin to different depths:
- Shorter wavelengths (like visible red) stay closer to the surface
- Longer wavelengths (like NIR and IR) can reach deeper layers
Scientists often refer to the “therapeutic window” between 600–1000 nm, where light can safely penetrate the skin without causing damage.
This is where red, near-infrared and infrared wavelengths sit—each interacting with the skin in slightly different ways.
Red Light (630–670 nm): Surface-Level Support
Red light operates in the visible spectrum and primarily targets the upper layers of the skin. Dermatology sources often associate it with:
- Supporting a balanced-looking complexion
- Calming visible redness
- Enhancing surface luminosity
Because red light interacts mainly with the epidermis and upper dermis, it’s commonly used for overall brightness and mild textural support.
Near-Infrared Light (780–940 nm): Deeper Dermal Reach
Near-infrared light is invisible to the eye and can reach further than red light.
It is frequently mentioned in scientific literature for its ability to:
- Reach the mid-dermal layer
- Support fibroblast activity
- Assist natural recovery responses
- Help the skin feel calmer and more resilient
Many users explore NIR when they’re interested in supporting firmness, elasticity or deeper-layer skin processes.
Infrared Light (1000–1100 nm): Supporting the Deepest Layers
Infrared wavelengths extend even deeper—towards the subdermal layers—while remaining gentle and non-invasive. Research suggests IR light may:
- Support circulation
- Help with overall skin comfort
- Assist natural repair mechanisms
Infrared is often used in wellness settings because of its depth and soothing nature.
Why a Multi-Wavelength Approach Makes Sense
Each wavelength interacts with the skin differently:
| Wavelength | Reach | Best for |
|---|---|---|
| Red (630–670 nm) | Upper layers | radiance, surface balance |
| NIR (780–940 nm) | Mid-dermis | firmness, recovery, resilience |
| IR (1000–1100 nm) | Deepest layers | comfort, deep support |
By using multiple wavelengths together, you create a more holistic approach to skin support—similar to what many dermatology clinics incorporate in professional LED treatments.
How to Choose a Safe Multi-Wavelength Device
When looking for an at-home LED device, consider features such as:
- Validated wavelengths (specific nm ranges, not “generic red”)
- Comfortable fit (flexible silicone, even coverage)
- Heat-free design
- Multiple wavelengths for broader skin support
A device that includes red, near-infrared and infrared light—such as the LED Light Therapy Face Mask from Andro + Niki—offers the multi-layered approach many dermatology professionals appreciate, while remaining easy and comfortable to use at home.
Conclusion
Understanding wavelengths helps you make informed decisions about LED therapy. Red, NIR and IR each play a unique role in supporting different layers of the skin. When combined, they offer a more complete approach—especially when used alongside a thoughtful skincare routine.
For a deeper dive into how LED works, read:
- “What Is LED Light Therapy & Why It Works”
- “How to Combine LED Light Therapy with Your Skincare Routine”
- "Near-Infrared & Infrared Light Therapy: Myths, Facts & What the Science Really Says"
